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私人园地暨公共场所
黄晓雪等译
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私人园地暨公共场所
当代花园营建国际竞赛暨学术研讨会
Private Plots & Public Spots-The International Competition and
Symposium on Contemporary Garden Architecture
凯琳·斯坦德勒 罗伯特·弗洛司夏尔 安德里亚·海斯汀格尔 撰文
Karin STANDLER, Robert FROSCHAUER, Andrea HEISTINGER
黄晓雪 章健玲 译
Translated by HUANG Xiao-xue and ZHANG Jian-ling
私人园地暨公共场所设计是当代花园设计界的一项国际性活动，它是由下奥地利州的生活质量联盟协会“花园中的自然”（托马斯·尤伊贝尔、托马斯·巴拉切）和政府代表马格·沃尔夫冈·索泊卡发起的。2007年，第二届设计竞赛在奥地利郎恩洛伊斯地区的洛斯慕酒店举行。洛斯慕酒店位于洛斯慕小镇上，是由美国建筑师斯蒂芬·霍尔设计的。本次活动的创办理念、构思和最终实现是一个跨学科团队的集体智慧结晶。这个团队由来自维也纳林茨的风景园林师凯琳·斯坦得勒博士、建筑师罗伯特·弗洛司夏尔和斯切特姆的园艺师安德里亚·海斯汀格尔组成。我们尽最大的努力寻找合适的活动举办场所，希望它不仅能体现“私人户外空间”的主题，同时还具有融合当代建筑和传统文化景观的国际风格。郎恩洛伊斯是下奥地利州的一个迷人小镇，位于维也纳西北方向约100km的地方。它非常符合我们的要求：与维也纳相邻，拥有由美国建筑师斯蒂芬·霍尔设计的洛斯慕酒店和葡萄酒＆水疗度假村，在那里可以品尝瓦豪地区的葡萄美酒，享受乡村景观的休闲惬意。
私人园地暨公共场所活动由两个部分组成：2007年最佳私人园地国际设计竞赛和私人园地上的公共场所国际研讨会。如何从国际角度来看待当代的花园文化？这个问题不仅引发了我们在设计私人户外空间时进行跨学科讨论，它也是我们举办这个设计竞赛的动力。第一届比赛的获胜作品是来自法国的“迷你世界”小花园。设计师根据自己不同的经历对花园进行修缮，让花园具有传记色彩，充满诗情画意，这让花园备受评委好评。
在去年的研讨会上，参与者和评委展开了热烈讨论并积极反馈意见，促使我们接受挑战，继续推动2007年私人开放空间设计的国际性探讨。花园应该提供什么类型的空间？花园需要表明什么主题？什么是私人开放空间设计的关键要素？什么概念能够诠释当代花园？生态标准扮演了什么样的角色？我们关注当代花园营建尤其是私人户外空间设计的文化性和社会性。私人园地和公共场所的论坛研讨活动推动了花园设计的公众讨论。
Private Plots & Public Spots is an international event on contemporary garden architecture and was initiated by Natur im Garten - Verein Lebensqualität - Land Niederösterreich (DI Thomas Uibel, Thomas Balluch, Govermental Representative Mag. Wolfgang Sobotka). The event takes place for the second consecutive year in Langenlois - Austria - in the Loisium and Loisium Hotel, which was designed by the architect Steven Holl. The concept, idea and realization are the brainchild of us – the interdisciplinary Team private plots（Dr. Karin Standler, landscape architecture, Vienna – Linz; DI Robert Froschauer, architecture Vienna – Linz; and DI Andrea Heistinger, horticulture, Schiltern) and we have made every effort to find the setting which best complements the “private outdoor space” themes and possesses a stimulating mix of the international flair attributable to contemporary architecture and the aura of a traditional cultural landscape. Langenlois is a charming small town in Lower Austria (100 km northwest of Vienna) and fits the bill. Among its amenities are: the Loisium and the Wine & Spa Resort – both designed by architect Steven Holl, vineyards, the Wachau, cultural landscape, and close by Vienna。
The event private plots & public spots is composed of two parts: the international competition best private plots 07 – Die besten Gärten 2007 and the international symposium public spots on private plots 2007. How does contemporary garden culture look from the international perspective? This question – which arose in our interdisciplinary discussion on the design of private outdoor space – was the impetus for the idea to hold the competition private plots & public pots. The French project “A World in Miniature” was the winner of the first competition; the international jury was captivated by the small, poetic, biographical garden. This garden's biography is determined by experiences the garden owner had had, and the will to implement them. It rejects the predominant modus operandi in which attempts are made to recreate the images found in high-gloss magazines.
The intense discussions between the participants and the jurors at last year's symposium, as well as the positive feedback, prompted us to accept the challenge – as Team private plots – to continue to foster the international discussion on private open space in 2007. What kind of space do the gardens provide? Which themes are manifest in the gardens? What are the essential qualities in the design of private open space? Which concepts characterise the gardens? Do ecological criteria play a role? Our focuses are the cultural and societal significance of contemporary garden architecture, particularly on private outdoor space. Private plots & public spots fosters a public discussion on garden design. The event’s character is supposed to be a forum.
2007年，第二届最佳私人园地国际竞赛公布比赛结果，对在私人户外空间和花园设计中取得的特别成就给予奖励。评委们从设计概念、艺术品质、植物和其他材料的使用、室内外联系、空间定义和组织方式、技术的运用以及与生态环境的相互联系等方面对参赛作品进行评审。同时也注重花园能否给予主人更多发挥空间，开拓更多用途。参与竞赛的户外空间或者花园设计作品必须是一个私人居住地。奖金总额为15000欧元，其中第一名7000欧元，第二名5000欧元，第三名3000欧元。
2007年9月28日，评委们在郎恩洛伊斯镇的洛斯慕宣布了本年度设计竞赛的获胜名单，主办方共收到了来自15个国家的60件参赛作品，经过评选产生了前三名。27个被提名的作品被列入双语出版物——《2007最佳私人园地》。
收录的作品展示了多元化的设计手法：如何处理房屋和花园的关系、花园和景观之间相互Ь调发展以及边界的连接和过渡。我们将不断努力，把私人开放空间的文化理念带给公众。在编制这本手册时，我们根据作品的空间特性对其进行主题归类：一类是采用不同主题展示多样化空间的花园，其他类作品则是擅于利用空间间隙和户外空间的简约花园。今年不少作品选择了溪流（河床）作为表达的主体。同时重新阐释花园的意义：开拓新土地①和开放空间，让花园与周围景观融合在一起。出版物还收录了主办方和评委们的随笔。如果希望订阅该手册欢迎¬您与info@privateplots.at电子邮件联系：或者是访问info@privateplots.at获得更多的信息。
The international competition best private plots 07 – Die besten Gärten 2007 was held for the second consecutive year and will have its sequal this year. The prize honours exceptional achievements in the design of private outdoor space and gardens. The jury’s criteria encompasses: design concept, artistic quality, use of plants and materials, linkage of indoors and outdoors, spatial definition and structuring, technical implementation, and ecological interrelationships. Emphasis will also be placed on individual potential for varied use. The outdoor space or garden must clearly be a private habitat. The prize money is � 15,000. (First prize: � 7,000 – Second prize: � 5,000 – Third prize: � 3,000).
On September 28th, 2007, the winners of the international garden architecture competition best private plots 07 – Die besten Gärten 2007 were announced in the Loisium in Langenlois – Austria. Sixty projects from fifteen countries were submitted; three prizes were awarded. The twenty-seven nominated projects are presented in the bi-lingual catalogue Internationale Beispiele zu Gartenarchitektur - best private plots 07 – Die besten Gärten 2007.The entries reflect a variety of approaches: the relationship between garden and house, the reciprocity of garden and landscape, and the articulation of borders and transitions. Bringing the culture of private open space into the public spotlight continues to be a compelling endeavour. In this catalogue we have structured the nominated projects thematically according to their spatial qualities and present them in the following categories: Those gardens which present a variety of different spaces appear under the heading Variations. Other categories of gardens address the use of Interstitial Space and of outdoor space, which are impressive as compact Garden Rooms. Watercourses characterize a number of this year's gardens. And new interpretations of existing gardens are striking: creating Terra Nova and open spaces which are integrated as Garden with Landscape in the surrounding landscape. The publication contains essays by Karin Standler, RobertFroschauer, Andrea Heistinger (Team private plots), Peter Zöch and the jury members. For catalogue orders you are welcome to contact us at info@privateplots.at or look up www.privateplots.at for further information.
我们在本期的《风景园林》杂志上刊登了07年获奖作品的特写，一同登出的还有评委们做出的简短评述。
第一名
瑞士简•萨拉¬和比赫德•萨利斯设计的无边界花园
这个获奖作品并不是一个普通场所，它是一个充满诗意的简朴花园。隐形边界以及与周围景观融为一体是其最显著的特点。设计师选择典型花园元素——绿篱来做围合，但又将其分散布置，开放与围合的相互交织说服了评委。设计使用了少量的独特元素，比如骨头碎片的铺地。这个极简主义花园为主人提供了一个多用途空间。或许人人都能买得起这样的花园，但并非每个人都能读懂。
第二名
奥地利维也纳艾伯林格-维特勒建筑事务所设计的悬式水园
基址陡峭、建设困难、位于维也纳边界，是这个花园最与众不同的地方。两位建筑师组成的团队把房屋和花园设计成一体，在房子建好之前花园已¾¬在屋墙之下了。水作为连接元素，突出了瀑布、休闲海滩、游泳池和溪流等地形特点。
第三名
英国伦敦乔纳森•贝尔 BBUK工作室设计的男爵花园
这个极简主义花园座落于瑞典南部，正对着一栋由英国著名建筑师约翰•帕森设计的屋子。一道石笼筑成的暗墙把花园和周围田地分开，成为花园到周围景观过渡的隐形边界。这个简朴的当代花园的比例制定、材质和场地设计以及整齐的几何图案设计都从斯卡那地区的典型农场得到启发。一眼望去，大片的长方形野生花地与周围的大小麦田地连成一片。
A detailed feature about the winners of private plots 07 – Die besten Gärten 2007 can be found in this issue of Landscape Architecture Journal China issue. Still we want to give you a short overview with the statements of the jury:
1st Prize
Jane Sarah Bihr-de Salis
Landscape Architect BSLA – Kallern, Switzerland
Garten Lukoschus-Dinter
The winning project is not common place, yet it is a simple, poetic garden. It is distinguished by its lack of visible borders and flows into the surrounding landscape. The design picks up on the hedge, a typical garden element, but simultaneously breaks with it; the interplay of openness and enclosure convinced the jury. With a small number of elements – including, for example, a floor surface made up of bone segments – this minimalist garden furnishes its owners with a space which can be used in a variety of ways. This is a garden which anyone can afford, but not everyone understands.
2nd Prize
Ablinger, Vedral + Partner
Architects – Vienna, Austria
Hanging Water Garden
A steep site, difficult to build on, at the edge of Vienna, was the point of departure for this garden. The team – two architects – planned house and garden as one entity; the garden was well under wall before the house was completed. Water is the garden’s linking element, accentuating the topography as waterfall, play-beach, swimming hole and watercourse.
3rd Prize
Jonathan Bell/BBUK Studio
Landscape Architect – London, UK
Baron Garden
The minimalist landscape garden is situated in southern Swede and grows right up to the house (Architect John Pawson). A gabion ha-ha2 separates the garden from the surrounding fields – an invisible boundary which enables a seamless transition to the landscape. The scale, materials and floor plan of this austere example of contemporary architecture, as well as the garden’s strict geometry, were inspired by the farms typical of Skane, scattered throughout the open landscape. Rectangular carpets of wildflowers connect visually with the surrounding barley and wheat fields.
伴随着9月28日的颁奖典礼，2007年私人园地上的公共场所的国际研讨会也正式开始。本次主题与私家花园的营建有关，涵盖的范围广泛。在研讨会上，担任本次部分设计竞赛评委的国际知名学者做演讲，他们分别阐述了如何从文化理念看待跨文化的古典美景以及设计连贯的花园与地景拼贴之间的交锋。他们为采用独特造园手法的设计师和文化理论家喝彩。吉塞拉•斯坦莱凯¬娜的演讲以“私人花园——探索环境”为题，是有关当代花园在历史参考方面的文化理论研究。由旧金山著名风景园林师和艺术家托弗尔•德莱尼所作的演讲“加密语言的序列”关注于如何通过艺术和传记式手法造园。出生于荷兰的埃克•霍夫曼，是享誉爱丁堡的新兴风景园林事务所GROSS.MAX的合伙人之一，他则与到会人员分享了GROSS.MAX的设计理念——“渴望生命”。著名风景园林师克里斯朵夫•布莱德雷的演讲则为研讨会的圆满结束划上句号。克里斯朵夫•布莱德雷是经典著作《极少主义园林》的作者，他提出现代花园的建造需要借助人们对花园主题的理解和抽象思考，论证了私人开放空间的可行性设计手法，同时也分享了他那即将出版的新书《营造现代花园》的部分观点。来自维也纳的风景园林师安娜•黛佐霍芙主持了本次研讨会。
Accompanying the award ceremony on September 28th was the symposium public spots on private plots 2007 at the Loisium Hotel in Langenlois – Austria; themes relating to private garden architecture were illuminated. The topics were broad in scope, with lectures by internationally renowned speakers who doubled as jury members for the award: classical beauty encountered unconventional cross-references from the cultural theory perspective, contextual staged gardens met landscape collages. The speakers are acclaimed garden designers and cultural theorists, who are distinguished by their specific approaches to gardens. Gisela Steinlechner’s contribution, entitled “The Private Garden-Exploring a Milieu”, linked studies in cultural theory studies on historical references in contemporary gardens. The lecture “The Syntax of Encrypted Language”, given by the landscape architect and artist Topher Delaney–whose office is in San Francisco-focused on the artistic and biographical approach to making and intervening in gardens. Eelco Hooftman, Dutch by birth and co-founder of GROSS.MAX-one of the most highly acclaimed young landscape architecture practices in Edinburgh-revealed his office’s theoretical background: “Lust for Life”. The symposium’s final speaker was the landscape architect Christopher Bradley-Hole-author of the classic book “The Minimalist Garden”. His talk, entitled “Making Modern Gardens through Interpretation and Abstraction” demonstrated a tangible approach to the design of private open spaces and provided some insight into his new book “Making the Modern Garden”, which will be published soon. Anna Detzlhofer-landscape architect, Vienna-moderated the symposium.
注释：
1 Terra Nova 是拉丁语，意思是新找到的土地(New found land)
2 ha£¬ha: 最早源于英国自然风景园，现一般指干沟式的“隐垣”或由墙围住的沟或陷入地中的篱笆。这些花园或公园的边界，人们远处看不见，使园景与周围的田野连成一片。
附录：
1 私人园地的成员和颁奖的机构：凯琳·斯坦德勒(维也纳林茨风景园林师)/罗伯特·弗洛司夏尔（维也纳林茨建筑师）/安德里亚·海斯汀格尔（园艺师）/托马斯·由伊毕尔（花园中的自然-生活质量联盟）。www.private plot.at
2 2007年的评委和演说嘉宾：吉塞拉·斯坦莱凯娜（奥地利文化理论家）/托弗尔·德莱尼（美国风景园林师和艺术家）/埃克·霍夫曼（苏格兰风景园林师）/克里斯多夫·布莱德雷（英国风景园林师）。
3 2007年嘉宾评委：2006年最佳私人园地国际设计竞赛获胜者——来自法国的艾萨艺术及建筑事务所的席思利·达拉迪尔和尼古拉斯·索里尔。
4 2008年最佳私人园地国际设计竞赛方案征集：开始时间为2008年4月1日，截止时间为2008年6月2日。2008年颁奖典礼和研讨会将于2008年9月27日在奥地利的郎恩洛伊斯和屯恩举行。这是一个开放的竞赛，风景园林师、建筑师、花园园主、设计师、插花师、园丁、艺术家、苗圃和园林公司都可以参加，同时也欢迎跨行业的团队参赛。提交的私人户外空间设计和花园设计的作品必须是在1998年1月1日之后完成才具有参赛资格。
5 2008年最佳私人园地竞赛的评委是：简·艾米顿（美国）/彼特拉·布莱塞（荷兰）/埃里克·杜汉特（比利时）/耿爱德·弗朗克斯（法国）。
6 2008年特邀评委嘉宾：2007年最佳私人园地设计竞赛获胜者、来自瑞士的简·萨拉·比赫德·萨利斯。
作者简介：
凯琳·斯坦德勒/维也纳林茨人/风景园林师
罗伯特·弗洛司夏尔/维也纳林茨人/建筑师
安德里亚·海斯汀格尔/奥地利斯切顿人/园艺师
译者简介：
黄晓雪/女/1985年生/云南人/北京林业大学园林学院园林专业2004级本科生（北京 100083）
章健玲/女/1983年生/广东人/中山大学英语语言文学专业/现为本刊英文编辑（深圳 518045）
Appendix:
1 Team private plots and the awarding authority
Karin Standler (landscape architecture, Vienna-Linz), Robert Froschauer (architecture, Vienna-Linz), Andrea Heistinger (horticulture-Schiltern), Thomas Uibl (Natur im Garten-Verein Lebensqualität-St. Pölten) www.private plot.at
2 Jurors & Speakers 2007
Gisela Steinlechner-cultural theory-Austria
Topher Delaney-landscape architecture and art-USA
Christopher Bradley-landscape architecture-England
Eelco Hooftman-landscape architecture-Scotland
3 Guest jurors 2007
Assai-Cecile Daladier and Nicolas Saulier-art and architecture-France
Winners of best private plot 06
4 Call for entries for the Best Private Plots 08
The submission for best private plots 08-Die besten Gärten 2008 will start at the 1st of April 2008, the submission deadline is the 2nd of June 2008. The award ceremony and symposium private plots & public spots 2008 will be held on 27th of September 2008, in Langenlois and Tulln-Austria. It is an open competition. Landscape architects, architects, garden owners, designers, florists, gardeners, artists, nurseries and landscaping firms, as well as teams including a combination thereof, are eligible to submit private outdoor spaces and gardens which were completed after January 1st, 1998.
5 The jurors of best private plots 08-Die besten Gärten 2008 are Jane Amidon (USA), Petra Blaisse (Netherlands), Erik Dhont (Belgium), Edouard François (France)
6 Guest juror: Jane Sarah Bihr-de Salis (Switzerland)-winner of best private plots 07
Biographies:
Karin Standler is a landscape architect from Vienna-Linz
Robert Froschauer is an architect from Vienna-Linz
Andrea Heistinger is a horticulturist from Schiltern
About the Translators:
HUANG Xiao-xue, female, born in 1985, native of Yunnan Province, is a Grade-2004 graduate of Beijing Forestry University majored in Landscape Architecture. (Beijing 100083)
ZHANG Jian-ling, female, born in 1983, English major of Sun Yat-sen University, is the English Editor of Landscape Architecture journal. (Shenzhen 518045)
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